2007年广东高考英语任务型写作解题指导

2007年广东高考英语卷将新增的任务型写作与2006年英语(II)的作文形式基本相似，不但考查考生的综合运用语言的能力，而且对考生提取信息和分析归纳的能力也有较高的要求。任务型写作重点考查考生概括的准确性、语言的规范性、内容的合理性以及篇章的连贯性，显然，比往年的书面表达题难度加大了。现就一篇例题来谈谈任务型写作的解题步骤。
　　例题：阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求，写一篇150词左右的英语短文。
　　Poll: 1/3 Graduates Say University Study Not Worth it
　　With the job market tightening and college enrollment expanding, over a third of young Chinese say their college study experience was not as rewarding as they had expected, according to a newspaper survey.
　　The survey, published in Monday’s China Youth Daily, showed that 34.7 percent of the 8,777 respondents said they regretted their university experience as what they had learnt was not worth the time and money invested.
　　About 51.5 percent of the respondents said they had learnt nothing practical in university and 39.2 percent said they couldn’t land a job with a bachelor’s degree, the survey said.
　　Nearly 4.13 million students graduated from China’s universities in 2006, compared with 1.15 million in 2001, the survey said. But salaries for university graduates have been declining.
　　Before college enrollments exploded six years ago, university graduates could easily find a job with a monthly salary of 2,500—3,000 yuan. But now graduates are willing to work for just hundreds of yuan a month to find a slot in the already tight job markets, the survey said.
67.2 percent of the polled said university study had become less rewarding after enrollments expanded. But another 44.7 percent thought it would be harder to find a job without university experience.
　　About 28 percent of respondents said that, if they were to do it again, they would choose to enter a polytechnic rather than a university because today’s employers seemed to be prefers practical skills.
　　[写作内容]
　　1. 简要介绍此次survey的结果，该部分的词数大约60。
　　2. 请就此调查结果所反映出来的问题发表你的看法，至少包含以下的内容要点，该部分的词数大约90：
　　a. 高校体制的问题：学非所用，学费高。
　　b. 毕业生方面的问题：期望值高；挤在大城市；缺乏对现实的正确评判。
　　c. 解决问题的措施。
　　[写作要求]来源：www.examda.com
　　你可以使用实例或其它论述方法支持你的论点，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不要抄袭阅读材料中的句子。
　　［解题指导］
　　1. 明确任务：写作要求中细分了若干个小任务，要先看清楚具体的任务要求，并在头脑中对所有的任务有个通盘的考虑，同时明确中心任务。例题中有两项主要任务，主要是要求就大学毕业生的现状发表你的看法。
　　2. 认真阅读材料，概括材料的主旨。将与任务要求密切相关的内容，用简洁的语言准确地“重组”出来，完成任务一。注意：(1)要用自己的语言“重组”与任务相关的主要内容，不要抄袭阅读材料中的句子；(2)你表述的信息要与原文材料的内容一致。
　　例题中的阅读材料围绕：graduates complain university study not worthwhile这一主题来写，从报道可以看出college graduates 所遇到的诸如can’t find a proper job, learnt nothing practical; salary is declining等问题和困难。
　　3. 发表自己的观点或看法，并用实例或其它论述方法支持你的观点，完成其它任务。注意其内容的合理性以及与阅读材料的联系，尽量顺着阅读材料的“文脉”来组织材料。
　　4. 写完后，检查文章，注意文章是否通顺，任务是否落实。适当调整文章的谋篇布局，做到观点鲜明，内容连贯，层次清楚。
　　［参考范文］
　　A recent survey reveals that over a third of the surveyed graduates regret attending university. The signals of the survey should be watched.
　　First, there are problems in our higher education system; it cannot meet the practical social needs. However, the tutor fees are high.
　　On the side of the students, some graduates lack a correct judgment of the reality. The majority of the graduates hope to find a satisfactory job in big cities, such expectations obviously go against social needs, and it is not realistic.
　　What should be done is to reform higher education and help students adjust job expectations, build a correct outlook on life and values.
　　Another thing should be pointed out is that these students should recognize they will be regretting all their life if not going to college. Colleges and universities offer you an access to knowledge and capabilities. Knowledge changes your life; it’s harder to compete with others without knowledge or skills. On the campus, you develop yourself in all aspects, and get prepared for a new start in your life. In my opinion, it’s better to seize the time than to regret later.
　　模拟练习
　　阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求，写一篇150词左右的英语短文。
　　A new study warns that about thirty percent of the world’s people may not have enough water by the year 2025. A private American organization call Population Action International did the new study. It says more than three hundred thirty five million people lack enough water now, the people live in twenty-eight countries. Most of the countries are in Africa or the Middle East.
　　PAI researcher Robert Engelman says by the year 2025, about three thousand million people may lack water. At least 18 more countries are expected to have severe water problems. The demand for water keeps increasing. Yet the amount of water on earth stays the same.
　　Mr. Engelman says the population in the countries that lack water is growing faster than in other parts of the world. He says population growth in these countries will continue to increase.
　　The report says lack of water in the future may result in several problems. It may increase health problems. Lack of water often means drinking waters is not safe. Mr. Engelman says there are problems all over the world because of diseases, such as cholera, which are carried in water.
　　Lack of water may also result in more international conflicts. Countries may have to compete for water in the future. Some countries now get sixty percent of their fresh water from other countries. This is true of Egypt, the Netherlands, Cambodia, Syria, Sudan, and Iraq. And the report says lack of water would affect the ability of developing to improve their economies. This is because new industries often need a large amount of water when they are beginning.
　　[写作内容]
　　1. 概括短文的内容要点, 该部分的词数大约60。
　　2. 就 “要节约用水” 这一主题发表你的看法，至少包含以下内容要点，该部分的词数大约90。
　　a. 水是生命之源。来源：www.examda.com
　　b. 地球上的水资源有限, 能饮用的水更有限。
　　c. 节水措施。
　　[写作要求]
　　你可以使用实例或其它论述方法支持你的论点，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不要抄袭阅读材料中的句子。
　　［参考范文］
　　We human beings are suffering the lack of water seriously. A study alarms that about three thousand million people will lack water by the year of 2025. As the population of the world is increasing fast, the problem is getting more and more serious, which will lead to a lot of problems such as diseases and international conflicts.
　　Water is the source of life, where there is water, there is life; it can even change desert into green land (oasis). However, water is very limited to human beings, especially it has kept being polluted so seriously that less and less of water can be fit to drink.
　　It is high time that we took steps to save water. First, we should strengthen the sense of saving water; it’s everyone’s responsibility to do it. Second, we should try our best to protect lakes and rivers from being polluted. Third, recycling water is an effective way to save water indoors and outdoors, especially in industry. Thus, they help secure the water supply both for ourselves and for future generations.