英语备考:把握单句理解决胜高考阅读1

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2007年高考英语考试大纲的说明》明确指出考生应在45分钟左右的时间里完成5篇体裁、题材不同的阅读材料。平时教师在指导学生做阅读理解时总是强调让学生“回归原文”找答案,不要自己主观判断。在学生平时练习的错误中,我们看到学生并非全篇都读不懂,在很多情况下,学生也知道问题问的是什么,也判断对了答案的范围在哪几行,甚至哪一句,但就是看不明白相关的那句话,最终,关键句子的理解错误导致做题失误,究其原因,主要是在知识上存在两种障碍。
  -不会分析长句结构,看不懂句意

  近几年的阅读理解篇章中出现了很多长句,包括各种复合句、省略句、插入语等等,如果学生仅仅按单词的顺序读,那么在驾驭长句、难句的理解上一定会有困难。建议大家采取“去除修饰成分,留下句子主干”的办法。如:

  1.(2005辽宁,C篇)Free Video Magazine sent every four weeks(up to 13 times a year),with our Director's Selection--plus many lower-priced cassettes,down to $14.95. And you may receive Special Selection mailings up to four times a year(a total of up to 17 buying opportunities per year).

  每四周免费的影像杂志派送一次(每年有13次之多),附带《编者精选》,连同许多14.95美元的低价卡带。而且您还可以收到每年四次寄送的《特别精选》。(每年有多达17次的购买机会)。这句话虽然长,但是主要结构是:Free Video Magazine sent with sth,plus sth,其他多是状语成分。

  2.(2001北京春,B篇)Scientists have also found marks on hominids'teeth with patterns very similar to those on the teeth of modern day fruit eaters.科学家也发现了Hominids原始人类牙齿上的斑痕和现代吃水果人的(斑痕)相似。

  3.(2006全国I,C篇)To use the same method would be self-defeating because it might reduce motivation,especially if it has failed in the past.使用一成不变的学习方法可能会弄巧成拙,减少学生的动力,尤其是这些方法过去失败过。此句的主要结构是To do sth is self-defeating.后面的because引导的从句和especially短语都是状语。

  4.(2006北京,D篇)While parents,particularly mothers,have always been attached to their infants(婴儿),societal conditions frequently made this attachment difficult to maintain(保持).虽然父母,尤其是母亲总是对婴儿怀有依恋,然而社会现实条件却使这种依恋越来越难以保持。主句的主要结构:conditions made this attachment difficult to maintain。从句中的while引导让步状语从句,意为“尽管,虽然”。

  5.(2006天津,E篇)But the internal state which remains unchanged over a period of time,and which makes the individual behave regularly in a variety of situations,is what is meant by an attitude.

  态度的意义就在于:这种内在的状态在一段时间内保持不变,而且能够使个人在各种情景中都行为正常。这个长句含定语从句,去除定语从句剩下的就是主要结构了,即The internal state is what is meant by an attitude.


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