C
For almost two months Dominic York, a 23-year-old hairdresser ,wandered about hospitals at night, wearing a white coat and pretending he was a doctor. Yesterday he proudly claimed in court that despite his complete lack of medical experience or qualifications ,he had saved several people’s lives .He had even been allowed to assist a surgeon during an emergen operation on a patient who was about to die on something she had swallowed.
“I watched one of those TV dramas about a hospital and suddenly I felt like playing one of the roles myself. So I put on a white jacket and a stetho-scope（听诊器）and walked around one of the biggest hospitals in London .At first I just watched. Once you learn how doctors talk to patients ,nurses and other doctors, it’s easy to take people in,” he said.
One of the patients he treated was Laura Kennan. She had been knocked down by a car and fainted .When she came to in hospital ,York was standing over her.
“He looked very professional. He told me his name was Doctor Simon. Then be gave me some sort of injection,” she said. And then he suddenly cleared off when a nurse asked who he was. She didn’t think there was anything wrong. “I would never have realized he was a fake if a policewoman hadn’t showed me his photograph a week later .When the policewoman told me who he really was ,I could hardly believe my ears.”
Judge Raymond Adams told York that he was “shocked and horrified” that he got away with his deceiving for so long, and then sentenced him to eighteen months in a special prison for criminal with mental disorders.
“I can only hope that this will not lead to further problems .After all , you will have considerable opportunity to study the behavior of the pshiatrists（精神科医生）who will look after you while you are there. If you try to persuade people that you yourself are a pshiatrist after you are set free, I shall make sure that you are given a much longer sentence,” Judge Adams warned York.
65．York was proud of the fact that________.
A．a surgeon let him watch an operation
B．he could perform some duties of a doctor
C．he had cheated doctors for so long
D．people thought he could become a real doctor
66．York learned how to behave like a doctor by________.
A．watching other doctors work
B．talking to doctors and nurses来源：www.examda.com
C．getting some training and experience
D．observing doctors while he was a patient
67．Why was Laura Kennan in hospital?
A．She had swallowed something and almost died.
B．She had to have an emergen operation.
C．She had been injured in a road accident.
D．She had lost consciousness while driving.
68．The judge’s remark implied that York would be more severely punished if he________.
A．pretended to be a pshiatristB．tried to get away from prison
C．was proud of what he had doneD．studied the behaviour of the pshiatrist
D来源：www.examda.com
We are all interested in equality ,but while some people try to protect the school and examination system in the name of equality ,others, still in the name of equality, want only to destroy it.
Any society which is interested in equality of opportunity and standards of achievement must regularly test its pupils .The standards may be changed –no examination is perfect—but to have no tests or examinations would mean the end of equality and of standards .There are groups of people who oppose this view and who do not believe either in examinations or in any controls in schools or on teachers. This would mean that everything would depend on luck since every pupil would depend on the efficien ,the values and the purpose of each teacher.
Without examinations ,employers will look for employees from the highly respected schools and from families known to them—a form of favourtism will replace equality. At the moment ,the bright child from an ill-respected school can show certificates to prove he or she is suitable for a job ,while the lack of certificate indicates the unsuitability of a dull child attending a well-respected school. This defence of excellence and opportunity would disappear if examinations were taken away ,and the bright child from a poor family would be a prisoner of his or her school’s reputation ,unable to compete for employment with the child from the favoured school.
The opponents of the examination system suggest that examinations are an evil force because they show differences between pupils. According to these people ,there must be no special ,different ,academic class .They have even suggested that there should be no form of difference in sport or any other area: all jobs or posts should be filled by unsystematic selection. The selection would be made by people who themselves are probably selected by some computer.
69．The word “favouritism” in paragraph 3 is used to describe the phenomenon that________.
A．bright children also need certificates to get satisfying jobs
B．children from well-respected schools tend to have good jobs
C．poor children with certificates are favoured in job markets
D．children attending ordinary schools achieve great success
70．What would happen if examinations were taken away according to the author?
A．Schools for bright children would lose their reputation.
B．There would be more opportunities and excellence.
C．Children from poor families would be able to change their schools.
D．Children’s job opportunity would be affected by their school reputation.
71．The opponents of the examination system will agree that________.
A．jobs should not be assigned by systematic selection
B．computers should be selected to take over many jobs
C．special classes are necessary to keep the school standards
D．schools with academic subjects should be done away with
72．The passage mainly focuses on________.
A．schools and certificatesB．examination and equality
C．opportunity and employmentD．standards and reputation
E
Holiday Inns and McDonald’s both saw unmatched growth in the 1960s. their growth opened another direct business operation—franchising（特许经营）.
These operations have the same general pattern.The franchisor, the parent company ,first establishes a successful retail（零售）business. As it expands ,it sees a profit potential in offering others the right to open similar business under its name. The parent company’s methods and means of identification with consumers are included in this right. The parent company supplies skill ,and may build and rent stores to franchisees. For these advantages the franchisee pays the franchisor a considerable fee. However, some of the advantages and disadvantages are different.
By extending a “proven” marketing method, a parent can profit in several ways .First ,the franchisee’s purchase price gives the parent an immediate return on the plan .Then the sale of supplies to the franchisee provides a continuing source of profits. As new businesses are added and the company’s reputation spreads ,the value of the franchise increases and sales of franchises become easier. The snowballing effect can be dramatic .Such growth ,too ,brings into play the economies of scale（规模经济）.Regional or national advertising that might be financially impossible for a franchisor with 20 franchises could be profitable for one with 40.
The parent ,then ,finds immediate gains from the opportunity to expand markets on the basis or reputation alone, without having to put up capital or take the risk of owning retail stores .Added to this advantage is a less obvious but material one. Skilled ,responsible retail managers are rare. People who invest their capital in franchises ,though ,probably come closer to the ideal than do paid managers .In fact ,the franchisee is an independent store operator working for the franchisor ,but without an independent’s freedom to drop supplies at will .Of course the factory’s costs of selling supplies are less. But also certainly the franchisee buying goods that have had broad consumer acceptance will not casually change supplies ,even when the contract permits .If the hamburger is not what the customer expected ,they may not return .Having paid for the goodwill ,the franchisee won’t thoughtlessly destroy it.
Franchising may give you the idea that as a franchisor ,you need only relax in the rocking chair .Franchising ,however ,has problems to be solved.
73．Franchising refers to a business operation in which a successful parent company________.
A．sells name-brand goods to a private investor
B．rents proven ideas and techniques for investment
C．sells the right ,the guidance to a business under its name
D．takes no advertising responsibility for individual investors
74．The passage mainly tells the reader________.
A．the advantages and disadvantages of franchising
B．the benefits of franchising to the franchisor
C．the unmatched economic growth in the 1960’s
D．some regional and national business operation
75．What will the author probably discuss after the last paragraph?
A．More advantages of franchising.
B．Risks of investment besides franchising.
C．The standard of consumer acceptance.
D．Negative aspects related to franchising