09年高考英语语法精要讲解二十四：过去完成时

1、过去发生的两个动作，先发生的用过去完成时
　　With their help I realized that I had been wrong.
　　2、过去某时以前发生的动作或情况
　　He hasn’t finished yet.
　　He didn’t finish yesterday evening.
　　He hadn’t finished by yesterday evening.
　　3、常用过去完成时的情况
　　①No sooner…than…. Hardly…when…
　　No sooner had he begun his speech than he was interrupted
　　②expect, hope, think, want, suppose等动词的过去完成时（或一般时）表示想做而未做的事
　　I had planned to send him a telegram, but I didn’t manage it.
　　4、使用过去完成时的必要性和非必要性
　　①句意十分清楚时，可用一般时
　　After I finished, I went home.
　　②常用一般过去时表示依次发生的动作
　　I got out of the taxi, paid the fare（车费) and managed it.
　　③有时必须明确，特别是含when时
　　When I arrived, Ann left.
　　(同时见到）（见到Ann)
　　When I arrived, Ann had left.
　　（先后发生）（没见到）
　　5、常用过去完成时的时间主状语
　　by the end of 　过去时间 ； by 过去时间
　　by the time 过去时间；　过去时间 before
　　比较：
　　By the time he was 11, he had learned 3000 words .
　　By the time he is 11, he will have learned 3000 words.
　　By the time last week, I had learned 3000 words.
　　By the time next week, I will have learned 3000 words