D
Disposing(处理) of waste has been a problem since humans started producing it. As more and more people choose to live close together in cities, the waste-disposal problem becomes increasingly difficult.
During the eighteenth century, it was usual for several neighboring towns to get together to select a far-away spot as a dump site. Residents or trash haulers(垃圾拖运者) would transport household rubbish, rotted wood, and old possessions to the site. Periodically(定期的) some of the trash was burned and the rest was buried. The unpleasant sights and smells caused no problem because nobody lived close by.
Factories, mills, and other industrial sites also had waste to be disposed of. Those located on rivers often just dumped the unwanted remains into the water. Others built huge burners with chimneys to deal with the problem.
Several facts make these choices unacceptable to modern society. The first problem is space. Dumps, which are now called landfills, are most needed in heavily populated areas. Such areas rarely have empty land suitable for this purpose. Property is either too expensive or too close to residential neighborhoods. Long-distance trash hauling has been a common practice, but once farm areas are refusing to accept rubbish from elsewhere, cheap land within trucking distance of major city areas is almost nonexistent.
Awareness of pollution dangers has resulted in more strict rules of waste disposal. Pollution of river, ground water, land and air is a price people can no longer pay to get rid of waste. The amount of waste, however, continues to grow.
Recycling efforts have become commonplace, and many towns require their people to take part. Even the most efficient recycling programs, however, can hope to deal with only about 50 percent of a city’s reusable waste.
68. The most suitable title for this passage would be “__________.”
A. Places for Disposing Waste B. Waste Pollution Dangers
C. Ways of Getting Rid of Waste D. Waste Disposal Problem
69. During the 18th century, people disposed their waste in many ways except that__________.
A. burying it B. recycling it C. burning it D. throwing it into rivers
70. What can be inferred from the fourth paragraph?
A. Farm areas accept waste from the city in modern society.
B. There is cheap land to bury waste in modern society.
C. It is difficult to find space to bury waste in modern society.
D. Ways to deal with waste in modern society stay the same.
71. The main purpose of writing this article is to_______.
A. draw people’s attention to waste management
B. warn people of the pollution dangers we are facing
C. call on people to take part in recycling programs
D. tell people a better way to get rid of the waste
E
An 18th-century statesman Edmund Burke once said, “All that is needed for the success of a misguided cause is that good people do nothing.” One such cause now seeks to end biomedical research because of the theory that animals have rights to decide whether to be used in research. Scientists need to respond forcefully to animal rights advocates(鼓吹者), whose arguments are puzzling the public and threatening advances in health knowledge and care. Leaders of the animal rights movement attack biomedical research because it depends on public funding, and few people understand the process of health care research. Hearing false reports of cruelty to animals in research settings, many are puzzled that anyone would harm an animal on purpose.
For example, a grandmotherly woman setting up an animal rights booth at a recent street fair was giving out sheets that encouraged readers not to use anything that comes from or is tested in animals－no meat, no fur, no medicines. Asked what will happen when epidemics(传染病) return, she said. “Don’t worry, scientists will find some way of using computers.” Such well-meaning people just don’t understand.
Scientists must communicate their message to the public in an understandable way－in human terms, not in the language of biology. We need to make clear the connection between animal research and a grandmother’s organ replacement, a father’s bypass operation, a baby’s vaccinations(接种疫苗), and even a pet’s shots. To those who know nothing about the animal research that was needed to produce these treatments, as well as new treatments and vaccines, animal research seems wasteful at best and cruel at worst.
Much can be done. Scientists could give middle school lessons and present their own research. They should be quick to respond to letters to the editor, in case animal rights misinformation goes unchallenged and gains a false appearance of truth. Research institutions could be opened to tours, to show that laboratory animals receive humane care. Finally, because there are a lot of patients, the health research community should actively admit to its cause not only well-known personalities such as Stephen Cooper, who has made courageous statements about the value of animal research, but all who receive medical treatment. If good people do nothing, there is a real possibility that uninformed citizens will wipe out the precious of medical progress.
72．The purpose of the author beginning his article with Edmund Burke’s words is to _____.
A．call on scientists to take some actions
B．argue against the cause of animal rights
C．warn of the failure of biomedical research
D．show the success of the animal rights movement
73．In the eyes of the author, misguided people are likely to think that using an animal in research is ___________.
A．cruel but necessary B．justice but unnecessary
C．meaningful and wasteful D．inhuman and unacceptable
74．What can be inferred from the passage?
A．People care very little about returns of epidemics.
B．The public lacks knowledge of biomedical science.
C．Stephen Cooper is very seriously concerned about animal treatment.
D．Scientists should make efforts to develop new cures by means of hi-tech.
75．The underlined word “threatening” in paragraph 1 means __________.
A．doing a favour to B．drawing attention to
C．causing a danger to D．making their way to
班级__________姓名______________学号____________
第二卷（共35分）
第四部分：书面表达（共两节，共35分）
第一节 情景作文（20分）
你和李明参加了一次野外生存训练。以下5幅图画表现了野外训练活动的过程。请根据图示写一篇英文日记。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2．日记的开头和结尾已为你写好。
生词：指南针 compass n.
手电筒 flashlight n.
急救包 first-aid kit
宿营地 campsite n.
Saturday, May 4, 2002 Cloudy
Li Ming and I took part in a wilderness survival program yesterday, and it has been one of the most unforgettable experiences since high school.
The two of us spent the night in the forest.
We learned to use knowledge gained in classroom training to solve problems. It was quite an experience for us both, which I’ll never forget for the rest of my life.
班级__________姓名______________学号____________
第二节：开放作文（满分15分）
根据下面提供的情景，写一段续接文字。
注意：词数不少于50字。
You are on your way home. When you come to the crossroad, you see a crowd of people gathering around an elderly lady. You go nearer to see what has happened.
_______________________________________________________________________________