高考英语词汇:doz

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高考英语词汇:dozen的用法

  dozen可用复数吗?dozen后要接of吗?你知道dozen的用法吗?请先看下面一道试题:
  We already have _________ pencils, but we need two _________ pens.
  A. dozen of, dozen B. dozens of, dozens C. dozens of, dozen D. dozens of, dozen of
  此题答案为C。关于dozen的复数是否加词尾-s的问题比较复杂,大致原则是:
  1. 当它与具体数字连用时,既不加复数词尾-s,也不后接介词of。尽管有的词书也有 two dozen of 这样的用例,但这已属过时用法,在考试中应避免,如1992年全国高考有一道单项选择题就认为two dozen of为错误选项:
  Shortly after the accident, _________ police were sent to the spot to keep order.
  A. dozens of B. dozens C. dozen of D. dozen [D]
  2. 当它不与具体数字连用,而是表示不确定的泛指数时,则不仅要加复数词尾-s,而且要后接介词 of,此时可将dozens of(许多,几十)视为习语。如:
  I’ve been there dozens of times. 我去过那儿几十次。
  She’s got dozens of boy-friends. 她的男朋友很多。
  下面一例中的dozens加了复数词尾-s也属为似情况:
  Pack them in dozens. 按打装袋吧。(from www.nmet168.com)
  3. 当与 a few, several 等数目不很具体的词连用时,加不加复数词尾-s均可,但需注意:不加复数词尾-s时,其后的介词of可以省略;加词尾-s时,其后介词 of不能省略。如:
  several dozen (of) pencils=several dozens of pencils几打铅笔
  注:英语较少使用many dozen的说法,要表示类似意思可用dozens of。
  4. 当它后面的名词受 the, these, those 等特指限定词修饰时,或其后的接的是us, them这样的人称代词时,则此时必须用介词 of。如:
  two dozen of these eggs 两打这种鸡蛋
  three dozen of them 它们中的3打
  注:score, hundred, thousand, million等也具有以上类似用法。


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